Fundamental properties of high-quality carbon nanofoam: from low to high density

• Natalie Frese,
• Shelby Taylor Mitchell,
• Christof Neumann,
• Amanda Bowers,
• Armin Gölzhäuser and
• Klaus Sattler

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 2065–2073, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.197

• Bielefeld, Germany 10.3762/bjnano.7.197 Abstract Highly uniform samples of carbon nanofoam from hydrothermal sucrose carbonization were studied by helium ion microscopy (HIM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Raman spectroscopy. Foams with different densities were produced by changing the

• and a stronger sp3-type electronic contribution, related to the inclusion of sp3 connections in their surface network. Keywords: carbon nanofoam; helium ion microscopy; hydrothermal carbonization; nanocarbons; Introduction Nanofoams are of considerable current interest due to their unique structure

• sponges [17]. Carbon nanofoams have first been produced using pulsed laser ablation of glassy carbon in argon atmosphere [18] and later, as graphite in liquid nitrogen [19]. Pulsed-laser deposition has also been used for the fabrication of carbon nanofoam electrodes [20]. Carbon nanotube foam in the form